Hoops Rumors Originals

Most salary cap workarounds, such as the mid-level exception, can be used every year — or at least every other year, as in the case of the bi-annual exception. However the disabled player exception is only available under certain circumstances. Like other salary cap exceptions though, the DPE allows a team to sign a player without using cap space.

If a player is seriously injured, his team can apply for the disabled player exception to replace him. In order for the exception to be granted, an NBA-designated physician must determine that the player is “substantially more likely than not” to be sidelined through at least June 15 of that league year.

If granted, the disabled player exception allows a club to sign a replacement player for 50% of the injured player’s salary or for the amount of the non-taxpayer’s mid-level exception, whichever is lesser.

For instance, if a team is granted a disabled player exception this season for a player earning $10MM, the exception would be worth $5MM. But if the injured player is earning $30MM, the DPE would be worth the equivalent of the mid-level exception ($12,822,000 in 2024/25).

A team must formally apply for a disabled player exception and it requires the approval of the NBA. If the league-designated physician determines the player will likely be fully recovered and available before June 15, the team’s request will be denied. That happened last season when the Knicks attempted to secure a disabled player exception for Mitchell Robinson‘s ankle injury. That turned out to be the right call by the league, given that Robinson returned to action in late March.

The cutoff to apply for a DPE each season is January 15. If a team has a player go down with a season-ending injury after that date, it cannot obtain a DPE to replace him. A team must also use the exception by March 10 of the current season or it will expire (this deadline can be pushed back to the next business day if March 10 lands on a weekend).

Unlike mid-level, bi-annual, or trade exceptions, the disabled player exception can only be used on a single player, rather than spread out across multiple players. However, a team can use it in a variety of ways — the DPE can be used to sign a free agent, to claim a player off waivers, or to acquire a player in a trade.

If a team uses its disabled player exception to take on salary in a trade, it can acquire a player making up to 100% of the DPE amount, plus $100K. For example, a $5,000,000 DPE could be used to trade for a player making $5,100,000.

A free agent signed using the DPE can only be offered a rest-of-season deal, while a player acquired via trade or waiver claim using the DPE must be in the final year of his contract. Essentially, the purpose of the exception is to give the team some flexibility to replace an injured player for the rest of the season, but not beyond the current season.

The team must have room on its roster to sign the replacement player — the disabled player exception doesn’t allow the club to carry an extra man beyond the usual limits.

In the event that a team is granted a disabled player exception, uses it to acquire a player, and then has its injured player return ahead of schedule (ie. before the end of the season), the team is allowed to carry both players.

However, if a team has an unused disabled player exception and then trades its injured player, the team would lose the exception. The same is true if the injured player returns to action before the DPE has expired or been used.

Most disabled player exceptions ultimately go unused. For instance, the Nuggets were granted a DPE due to DaRon Holmes‘ season-ending Achilles tear, but because he’s earning just $3,065,640 as a rookie, the exception is worth only $1,532,820, 50% of that amount. It doesn’t hurt for a team to have that tool as its disposal, but it will be difficult for Denver to do much with that.

More sizable disabled player exceptions can come in handy, most frequently in trades, where they can allow sometimes allow a team to generate a new trade exception with an outgoing contract rather than using it to match the incoming salary.

For example, after being granted a $12,405,000 DPE in the wake of Ja Morant‘s season-ending shoulder injury last season, the Grizzlies made a trade with Houston that sent out Steven Adams ($12.6MM) and brought back Victor Oladipo‘s expiring $9.45MM contract. Rather than using Adams’ outgoing salary as a salary-matching piece to acquire Oladipo, Memphis used its DPE to take on Oladipo’s deal, generating a new $12.6MM trade exception for Adams’ salary.

Notably, the Grizzlies had also been granted a separate $6.3MM disabled player exception for Adams after losing the big man to a season-ending knee injury, but they were forced to forfeit that DPE when they traded Adams away.

Note: This is a Hoops Rumors Glossary entry. Our glossary posts explain specific rules relating to trades, free agency, or other aspects of the NBA’s Collective Bargaining Agreement. Larry Coon’s Salary Cap FAQ was used in the creation of this post.

Earlier versions of this post were published in 2012, 2017, and 2022.

For NBA teams looking to open up cap room, simply waiving a player isn’t as effective as it is in the NFL, where salaries are often non-guaranteed and most or all of a player’s cap charge can frequently be wiped from a team’s books. Still, the NBA’s Collective Bargaining Agreement does feature a rule that allows teams to spread a player’s cap hit over multiple seasons. This is called the stretch provision.

The stretch provision ensures that any player waived with more than $500K in guaranteed salary remaining on his contract will have the payment schedule of that money spread across multiple years. That schedule is determined as follows:

• If a player clears waivers between the start of the league year and August 31, his remaining salary is paid over twice the number of years remaining on his contract, plus one.
  • Note: A player must be waived by August 29 at 4:00 pm Central time in order to clear waivers on August 31.
• If a player clears waivers between September 1 and the end of his league year, his current-year salary is paid on its normal schedule, with any subsequent years spread over twice the number of remaining years, plus one.
• If a player in the final year of his contract clears waivers after September 1, the stretch provision does not apply.

While the new payment schedule for a waived player is non-negotiable, teams get to decide whether or not to apply the stretch provision to that player’s cap charges as well. A team can stick to the original schedule for cap hit purposes, if it so chooses.

Word broke on Wednesday that the Suns are waiving and stretching Nassir Little, providing a useful real-life example for how the stretch provision functions. Little’s cap hits prior to his release are $6.75MM in 2024/25, $7.25MM in ’25/26, and $7.75MM in ’26/27.

Here’s what that contract would look like if it were waived without applying the stretch provision to the cap hits; if it were stretched before August 31; or if it were stretched after August 31:

As this chart shows, it typically makes sense to waive and stretch a player’s contract in July or August if the team is looking to generate immediate cap flexibility for the current season and isn’t as concerned about the impact in future seasons.

By waiving and stretching Little now, the Suns will trim over $3.6MM from their 2024/25 cap, generating significant short-term savings in projected luxury tax penalties, since they’re operating so far into tax territory. However, Little will remain on their books through 2031 instead of 2027.

Phoenix is utilizing the stretch provision in order to create salary and tax savings. In other cases, stretching one or more players can allow a team to duck below the luxury tax line or to create additional cap room.

Back in the summer of 2022, for example, the Trail Blazers waived and stretched Eric Bledsoe and Didi Louzada, which allowed them to sneak below the tax line. The Pacers, meanwhile, waived and stretched Nik Stauskas, Juwan Morgan, and Malik Fitts in order to carve out a little extra cap room in order to sign Deandre Ayton to a maximum-salary offer sheet.

If a club waiving a guaranteed contract in July or August isn’t seeking immediate cap relief, it generally makes more sense to apply the player’s full current salary to the current salary-cap year, rather than stretching it.

The Hornets took that route when they waived Davis Bertans in July, applying his remaining $5.25MM in guaranteed money entirely to the 2024/25 cap. If they’d stretched it, they could’ve carried $1.75MM for each of the next three seasons, creating an extra $3.5MM in cap room this summer, but they had no immediate use for that cap room and decided it’d be better to clear Bertans from their books in one year, rather than in three years.

There are a few more key rules related to the stretch provision worth noting.

Buyouts:

While the stretch provision regulates when money is paid out, it doesn’t prevent teams and players from negotiating a reduced salary as part of a buyout agreement.

For instance, let’s say a player who has an $18MM expiring contract for 2024/25 agrees in August to give up $3MM in a buyout. As a result of that buyout agreement, his team could stretch his remaining salary and end up with cap hits of $5MM for three seasons (through ’26/27) rather than $6MM.

Non-guaranteed money/years:

Non-guaranteed money isn’t subject to the stretch provision, since a team isn’t obligated to pay the non-guaranteed portion of a contract once it waives a player. However, non-guaranteed years (not counting team options) are taking into account when determining how many years the contract is spread across.

This rule can come in handy when a club decides to waive a player who has one or two non-guaranteed years tacked onto the end of his contract. When the Blazers waived Louzada in August of 2022, he had three years left on his deal, but only his 2022/23 salary of $1,876,222 was guaranteed — the $4,023,212 owed to him for the two seasons beyond that one was fully non-guaranteed.

That means that when they waived Louzada, the Blazers only owed him just $1,876,222 but were able to stretch that figure across seven seasons (twice the three years remaining on his contract, plus one). As a result, Portland is carrying tiny $268,032 cap charges for Louzada on its books through the 2028/29 season.

The stretch limit:

A team isn’t permitted to stretch a player’s salary if the portion of the team’s salary made up of waived players projects to exceed 15% of the salary cap in any future seasons.

For instance, with a $154,647,000 salary cap projected for 2025/26, a team carrying $24MM in dead money for that season wouldn’t have been permitted to use the stretch provision while waiving a player on an expiring contract prior to August 31, 2024. This rule doesn’t come into play often, since it’s extremely rare for a team to carry that much dead money on its books for a future season.

The delayed stretch:

Under the current Collective Bargaining Agreement, if a team waives a player with multiple years of guaranteed money left on his contract and doesn’t utilize the stretch provision at the time of his initial release, the team could still choose to deploy the stretch provision on the contract in a future season.

For instance, when the Cavaliers bought out Ricky Rubio in January 2024, they initially took on cap hits of $3,722,327 for 2023/24 and $1,274,015 for ’24/25, opting not to use the stretch provision. However, prior to the August 31, 2024 deadline, the Cavs decided to stretch the final-year salary owed to Rubio, turning that $1,274,015 into three annual cap hits of $424,672, running through the ’26/27 season.

Rubio’s contract just had two years left on it at the time of his release, but if it had covered, say, four seasons, the Cavaliers could have made the decision to stretch his leftover salary at any time until August 31, 2026.

A contract can only be stretched once, so after stretching JaVale McGee‘s remaining salary across five seasons in 2023, the Mavericks wouldn’t be permitted to “re-stretch” it in a future season.

This delayed stretch rule only applies to contracts that have been terminated since the start of the 2023/24 league year.

Re-signing a stretched player:

Finally, it’s important to clarify that when a team applies the stretch provision to a player’s cap hits, that team becomes ineligible to re-sign the player for the original remaining term of his contract.

For example, after they stretch Little’s contract, the Suns won’t be able to re-sign him until July 2027, which is when his contract originally would’ve expired. That restriction doesn’t apply when a team waives a player and doesn’t stretch his remaining guaranteed salary.

If a team waives a player without stretching his remaining salary, then re-signs or reacquires him before his original contract would have expired, that team isn’t permitted to use the stretch provision on his new deal.

Note: This is a Hoops Rumors Glossary entry. Our glossary posts will explain specific rules relating to trades, free agency, or other aspects of the NBA’s Collective Bargaining Agreement. Larry Coon’s Salary Cap FAQ was used in the creation of this post.

Earlier version of this post were published in 2013, 2017, and 2023.